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Different pressure levels of stainless steel flanges and fittings with different requirements in terms of nominal pressure, connection size, material and sealing, the following is a detailed introduction:
Nominal pressure matching
The nominal pressure of stainless steel flanges and pipe fittings should match each other, and should be greater than or equal to the design pressure of the piping system. For example, in a piping system with a design pressure of 1.6MPa, flanges and pipe fittings with a nominal pressure of not less than 1.6MPa, such as PN2.0MPa (20bar) or higher grade products, should be selected to ensure the safety and sealing of the system during operation.
Consistent connection dimensions
The connection dimensions of flanges and fittings, including outer diameter, inner diameter, bolt hole spacing, etc., need to be consistent to ensure that the two can be properly installed and connected. For example, DN100 stainless steel flange, its outer diameter, inner diameter and bolt hole distribution should be the same size as the corresponding DN100 stainless steel pipe fittings (such as tees, crosses, elbows, heads, etc.), so that a tight connection can be realized through bolts or welding.
Equivalent material performance
In order to ensure the performance and life of the entire piping system, stainless steel flanges and fittings should be made of materials with comparable performance. For piping systems of different pressure levels, the choice of material needs to consider its strength, toughness, corrosion resistance and other factors. In high-pressure environments, such as high-pressure pipelines in the petrochemical industry, it may be necessary to choose a higher strength stainless steel material, such as 316L stainless steel, and the material of the flange and fittings are required to maintain the same or similar in chemical composition, mechanical properties, etc. in order to avoid local weaknesses due to the differences in material.
Adaptation of sealing requirements
Piping systems of different pressure levels have different requirements for sealing performance, so when matching flanges and pipe fittings, it is necessary to choose suitable sealing forms and sealing materials. Low-pressure system (such as PN ≤ 1.0MPa) can usually use plane seal or protruding surface seal, sealing materials can be selected rubber, asbestos, etc.; medium-pressure system (such as 1.0MPa < PN ≤ 4.0MPa) generally use concave and convex seal or tongue and groove surface seal, sealing materials can be selected metal winding gasket, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.; high-pressure system (such as PN ＞ 4.0MPa) are often used in trapezoidal groove sealing, sealing materials are mostly metal ring gasket. For high pressure system (e.g. PN>4.0MPa), trapezoidal groove sealing is often used, and the sealing material is mostly metal ring gasket to ensure good sealing performance under high pressure.
In addition, in the actual application, also need to follow the relevant industry standards and norms, such as ASME B16.5 (American Standard), EN 1092-1 (European Standard), GB/T 9112 - 9124 (National Standard), etc., in order to ensure that stainless steel flanges and fittings with the engineering requirements.