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Corrosion resistance
Medium properties: choose according to the medium transported in the pipeline. If it is general water, air and other media, 304 stainless steel can usually meet the requirements. However, if the medium is corrosive, such as containing acids, alkalis, salts and other components, you need to choose a more corrosion-resistant material. For example, in the seawater environment or contact with chloride ions, 316L stainless steel is a better choice, because it is more resistant to chloride ions, can effectively prevent pitting and crevice corrosion. For some special corrosive media, such as concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid, etc., it may be necessary to use more special stainless steel materials or stainless steel plugs with special surface treatment.
Environmental factors: In addition to the corrosiveness of the medium itself, the surrounding environment will also have an impact on the corrosion resistance of stainless steel plugs. In a humid environment, ordinary stainless steel may rust, at this time you can choose to have better moisture resistance of stainless steel. If you are in an outdoor environment, you also need to consider the erosion of stainless steel by ultraviolet rays, acid rain and other factors, and choose stainless steel with good weather resistance.
Strength and hardness
Pressure requirements: If the piping system is subjected to higher pressure, you need to choose a high strength stainless steel plug material. Generally speaking, the strength of stainless steel is related to its alloy composition and processing technology. For example, the addition of molybdenum, nickel and other alloying elements can improve the strength and toughness of stainless steel. In high-pressure piping systems, such as petrochemical, natural gas transmission and other fields, it may be necessary to use high-strength stainless steel materials, such as 316L stainless steel or higher strength grade stainless steel.
Wear resistance requirements: in some piping systems where there is granular media flow or friction, the wear resistance of stainless steel plugs needs to be considered. Higher hardness stainless steel material usually has better wear resistance. For example, in the piping system of mining, metallurgy and other industries, stainless steel material with hardening treatment or stainless steel containing wear-resistant alloy elements such as chromium carbide may be selected to extend the service life of the plug.
Working temperature
High-temperature environment: When the piping system works in a high-temperature environment, it is necessary to choose a stainless steel plug material with good high-temperature resistance. Some stainless steel materials can still maintain good strength and corrosion resistance at high temperatures. For example, 310S stainless steel has high high temperature resistance, can be used in high temperature furnace, heat treatment equipment and other high temperature environment.
Low-temperature environment: In low-temperature environments, the toughness of stainless steel may be reduced and brittle cracking may occur easily. Therefore, in low-temperature piping systems, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) transmission, low-temperature refrigeration and other fields, it is necessary to choose stainless steel with good low-temperature toughness, such as 304L and 316L stainless steel, which can still maintain good toughness and strength at low temperatures, to avoid rupture of the plug due to low temperatures.
Processing performance
Molding process: according to the stainless steel plug processing and molding process to choose the right material. If the use of stamping, forging and other processes to produce plugs, you need to choose a good processing performance, easy to mold stainless steel materials, such as 304 stainless steel, which has good plasticity and toughness, easy to carry out a variety of molding processes. If the welding process is used to connect the plug, you need to consider the weldability of the material, some stainless steel welding performance is better, such as 316L stainless steel, welded to ensure the quality and strength of the weld.
Surface treatment requirements: some application scenarios may have higher requirements on the surface quality of stainless steel plugs, such as food, pharmaceutical and other industries, need to choose easy to surface treatment of the material to obtain a smooth, hygienic surface. 304 stainless steel and 316L stainless steel have a good surface treatment performance, can be polished, passivated and other treatment methods, so that the surface to achieve a high degree of finish and corrosion resistance, to meet the health standards of the relevant industries. Meet the sanitary standards of related industries.
Cost factors
Material price: different stainless steel material prices vary greatly. Under the premise of meeting the requirements of application scenarios, the cost factor needs to be considered. Generally speaking, 304 stainless steel price is relatively low, is a widely used material. If the corrosion resistance, strength and other requirements are not high, 304 stainless steel can be the preferred choice. And 316L stainless steel and other high-performance material price is higher, in the corrosion resistance requirements of strict occasions will be selected.
Service life cost: Although some high-performance stainless steel materials are more expensive, but if it can have a longer service life in specific application scenarios, reduce the frequency of replacement and maintenance costs, in the long term, the total cost may still be reasonable. For example, in some highly corrosive chemical production environment, the use of 316L stainless steel plug although the initial investment is higher, but because of its good corrosion resistance, to avoid frequent replacement of plugs brought about by the loss of production stoppages and maintenance costs, the overall cost may be lower.