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The main principles for the formulation of copper pipe thickness deviation standards are as follows:
Ensure the use of safety: to ensure that the copper pipe in withstand the design pressure, temperature and other working conditions, will not be too thin wall thickness and rupture, deformation and other safety accidents. For example, in the air conditioning system, the copper pipe needs to withstand the pressure of the refrigerant, the wall thickness deviation standard to ensure that the copper pipe can withstand the highest pressure of the system, such as R22 refrigeration system exhaust group, when the outer diameter of φ19.05, 3.45MPa for the design pressure, the calculated wall thickness of 0.9558mm, rounded to 1.0mm, and specify the appropriate range of deviation of the wall thickness, in order to avoid the lack of wall thickness caused by the cracked pipe. to avoid pipe cracking due to insufficient wall thickness.
Functional requirements: Different application scenarios have different performance requirements for copper pipe, such as thermal conductivity, fluid transportation capacity, etc. The wall thickness deviation should not affect the performance of copper pipe. Wall thickness deviation should not affect these functions of copper tubes. For example, in heat exchangers, the wall thickness deviation of copper tubes should be controlled within a certain range to ensure good thermal conductivity and make the heat exchange process efficient and stable.
Consideration of processing technology: the limitations of the manufacturing process and processing accuracy will affect the uniformity and consistency of the wall thickness of the copper tube. The development of standards should take into account the level of precision that can be achieved in actual production. If the process of drawing copper pipe is relatively mature, the wall thickness deviation can be controlled to be small; while some special processing technology or the manufacture of large-diameter copper pipe may allow larger wall thickness deviation.
Follow the principle of economic rationality: minimize the production cost under the premise of meeting the safety and functional requirements. Wall thickness deviation standard is too strict will increase the production difficulty and cost, too wide may affect product quality and performance. For example, for ordinary civil construction of water supply and drainage copper pipe, the wall thickness deviation standard can be relatively loose, in order to reduce costs; for aerospace, high-end electronics and other copper pipe performance requirements of the field, the need for a more stringent wall thickness deviation standard, although the cost is higher, but can meet the special needs.
Taking into account the generality of the industry: refer to the international and domestic relevant industry standards and norms, to maintain a certain degree of universality and compatibility, to facilitate the application and interchangeability of copper tubes in different fields and different regions. For example, GB/T 1527 drawn copper pipe standard, GB/T 16866 copper and copper alloy seamless tubing dimensions and allowable deviation standards, etc., for the production and use of copper tubes to provide a unified basis for the quality of products of different manufacturers in the quality of comparability and interchangeability.
Based on material properties: different materials of copper pipe, such as copper, brass, bronze, etc., its strength, toughness, corrosion resistance and other material properties are different, the development of wall thickness deviation standards need to take into account these differences. Generally speaking, for materials with higher strength, the wall thickness deviation standard can be relatively loose; while for materials with lower strength or sensitive to corrosion, stricter wall thickness deviation control is required to ensure the service life and performance of copper pipe.